延長和提高燃氣熱風爐和燃煤熱風爐的使用壽命,是每一個購買熱風爐的心愿,那么該如何提高燃煤熱風爐和燃氣熱風爐的使用壽命呢?在熱風爐長期停用時,應十分注意爐體外部的防腐保養問題。首先在熱風爐停爐冷卻后,必須徹底清除受熱面的積灰和爐排上部、爐體下問的灰渣。然后要保持煙道有一定有自然通風。一般情況下,為了防潮應在爐膛、煙道中放置干燥劑。如以生石灰作為干燥劑,則每立方米爐膛或煙道內一般應放置3kg左右。放置后應嚴密關閉所有的通風門。生石灰變粉后要更換。如熱風爐房位置低洼,停爐期間地面泛潮嚴重時,則應受用經常小火烘烤和放置干燥劑相結合的辦法。如果熱風爐停爐時間很長,在徹底清除煙灰的在爐體金屬外表面涂以紅丹油或其它防腐漆。至于爐體內看停爐時間的長短來定。一般情況下,停爐不超過一個月的可用濕法保養,一個月以上的應采取干法保養。
Prolonging and improving the service life of gas hot blast stove and coal fired hot blast stove is the wish of every hot blast stove. How should we improve the service life of the hot blast stove and the gas hot blast stove, and should pay much attention to the external corrosion protection and maintenance of the furnace body when the hot blast stove is disused for a long time. First, after the cooling of the hot blast stove is stopped, the ash accumulated on the heating surface and the slag on the top of the grate and under the furnace body must be thoroughly removed. Then there must be some natural ventilation to keep the flue. Generally, in order to prevent moisture, desiccant should be placed in the furnace and flue. If lime is used as a desiccant, it should generally be about 3kg per cubic meter of furnace or flue. All ventilation doors should be closed closely after placement. The lime should be changed after powdered. For example, if the location of the hot blast stove is low, and when the ground is seriously wet, the method should be combined with baking and placing desiccant. If the hot blast stove is stopped for a long time, red ash oil or other anticorrosive paint should be painted on the outer surface of the furnace body. As for the length of the time in the furnace, it is determined to stop the time. Under normal circumstances, the boiler can not be used for more than a month and can be maintained by wet method. Dry maintenance should be taken for more than one month. 一、壓力保養熱風爐(適用于生產備用熱風爐或停運進行短暫檢修時間不超過一周的熱風爐)
(1)停爐后把爐水全部放盡,將爐內的水垢、水渣清理干凈,重新加入合格軟化水。
(2)定期用小火加熱,或定期利用相鄰熱風爐的蒸汽加熱爐水,使熱風爐內的爐水溫度夏季應保持在環境溫度+10℃左右,冬季應保證爐水不凍結 ,關閉所有放空閥、排污閥和放水閥,防止漏水。
(3)熱風爐定期給水,保持熱風爐內壓力為0.05 MPa ~0.1MPa防止空氣進入鍋筒。
1. Pressure maintenance (suitable for producing hot air stoves or hot air stoves for a short period of no more than one week's outage).
(1) after the furnace is stopped, all the boiler water is exhausted. Clean up the scale and slag in the furnace and rejoin the qualified softened water.
(2) heat the heat of small fire regularly, or use the steam of the adjacent hot blast stove to heat the furnace regularly, so that the temperature of the water in the hot blast furnace should be kept at the ambient temperature of +10 C in summer. In winter, the water should not be frozen and all the vent valves, blowdown valves and discharge valves should be closed to prevent the leakage of water.
(3) the hot water stove regularly supplies water, keeping the pressure in the hot stove is 0.05 MPa ~0.1MPa to prevent the air from entering the boiler.
二、濕法保養(濕法保養一般適用于停爐時間不超過一個月的熱風爐的保養)
(1)停爐后按規定時間放盡爐水,將水垢、水渣、煙灰清除干凈。
(2)關閉所有的人孔、手孔、閥門等,與運行的熱風爐完全隔絕。
(3)用合格軟化水配制堿性保護溶液,按每噸爐水加入氫氧化鈉Na(OH)8 kg~10kg,或加碳酸鈉(NaC03)20kg,或加磷酸鈉(Na2P03)20kg。
(4)用專用泵將配制好的堿性保養溶液注入熱風爐。
(5)當保護溶液全部注入后,開啟給水閥將合格軟化水注滿熱風爐,直至水從空氣閥溢出為止,然后再關閉空氣閥和給水閥,開啟專用泵循環,使溶液混合均勻。
(6)在整個保養期間,應定期用微火烘爐保持受熱面外部干燥,定期開啟泵循環,使各處溶液濃度一致,還要定期取溶液化驗和補充藥液,使溶液PH值在10~12之間,保證爐水的堿度。
(7) 在冬季要采取相應的防凍措施。
Two. Wet maintenance (wet maintenance) is generally suitable for maintenance of hot blast stove with no more than one month's shutdown time.
(1) clean up the scale, slag and ash after the furnace is stopped.
(2) close all manholes, hand holes, valves and so on, and completely separate from the running hot stove.
(3) preparing alkaline protection solution with qualified softened water, adding sodium hydroxide Na (OH) 8 kg~10kg per ton of water, or sodium carbonate (NaC03) 20kg, or sodium phosphate (Na2P03) 20kg.
(4) a special pump is used to inject the prepared alkaline maintenance solution into the hot blast stove.
(5) when the protection solution is all injected, open the water supply valve to fill the hot air stove, until the water is spilled from the air valve, then the air valve and the water supply valve are closed, and the special pump cycle is opened to make the solution mixed evenly.
(6) during the whole maintenance period, it is necessary to keep the external drying of the heating surface with the micro fire oven regularly and regularly open the pump cycle to make the solution concentration in the same place. The solution assay and supplement should be taken regularly to make the pH value of the solution between 10~12 and ensure the alkalinity of the furnace water.
(7) the corresponding anti freeze measures should be taken in winter.
三、干法保養(干法保養適用停爐時間較長,一般時間超過一個月,特別是夏季停用的采暖熱風爐)
(1)停爐后,將爐水放盡,清除爐內的水垢,水渣和受熱面的煙灰。
(2)關閉熱風爐的供水管、給水管、排污管上的閥門,或用隔板堵嚴,與其它運行熱風爐完全隔絕。
(3)打開人孔、手孔,使熱風爐自然干燥,若熱風爐潮濕,用微火將熱風爐本體及爐墻、煙道烘干。
(4)選用適量干燥劑。常用干燥劑有無水氯化鈣(CaCl2)和生石灰(CaO2),CaCl2按每立方米水容積2kg定量放置,要求選用15mm左右的顆粒;生石灰按每立方米水容積3kg定量放置,要求選用10mm~30mm的塊狀物。
(5)熱風爐干燥后,將裝有干燥劑的托盤放人爐膛和鍋筒中,以吸收潮氣,要求干燥劑不能與熱風爐受熱面直接接觸。
(6)干燥劑放入熱風爐一個月內應每周定期檢查一次,看受熱面有無腐蝕,及時更換失效的干燥劑,一個月以后每半個月檢查一次。
Three. Dry maintenance (dry maintenance) is suitable for a longer time of shutdown, usually longer than a month, especially for heating stove in summer.
(1) after the furnace is stopped, the furnace water will be discharged to remove the scale, the slag and the soot from the heating surface.
(2) close the water supply pipe, water supply pipe and drain valve of the hot blast stove, or use the clapboard to block up strictly, and completely separate from other hot blast stove.
(3) open the manhole and the hand hole to make the hot stove dry naturally. If the hot stove is humid, use the micro fire to dry the hot stove body, the furnace wall and the flue.
(4) choose an appropriate amount of desiccant. The commonly used desiccates are anhydrous calcium chloride (CaCl2) and lime (CaO2), CaCl2 is placed at 2kg per cubic meter of water volume, and the particles are required to be selected at about 15mm; the lime is placed quantificationally at 3kg per cubic meter of water volume, and 10mm~30mm lumps are required.
(5) after the drying stove is dry, the tray containing the desiccant is placed in the hearth and pot to absorb the moisture, and the desiccant can not be directly contacted with the hot air heater.
(6) the desiccant should be checked regularly every week in the hot air stove to see if there is any corrosion on the heated surface and replace the desiccant in time, and check every half a month later.
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