離心風機由于運行條件惡劣,故障率較高,容易導致機組非計劃停運或減負荷運行,影響正常生產。所以加強對離心風機的維護和保養,特別是要迅速判斷出離心風機運行中故障產生的原因,采取相應的必要措施就顯得十分重要了。
Analysis of main causes of vibration failures of centrifugal fans and effective treatment methods
Due to the poor operating conditions and high failure rate, the centrifugal fan can cause unplanned outage or load reduction operation of the unit, which will affect normal production. Therefore, it is very important to strengthen the maintenance and maintenance of the centrifugal fan, especially to quickly judge the causes of the fault in the operation of the centrifugal fan, and take the necessary measures.
離心風機振動是運行中常見的現象,只要在振動控制范圍之內,不會造成太大的影響。但是離心風機的振動超標后,會引起軸承座或電機軸承的損壞、電機地腳螺栓松動、離心風機機殼、葉片和風道損壞、電機燒損發熱等故障,使離心風機工作性能降低,甚至導致根本無法工作。嚴重的可能因振動造成事故,危害人身健康及工作環境。公司曾發生過因離心風機振動大,葉輪與殼體發生摩擦,引起設備著火的事故案例,給公司帶來了較大的經濟損失。
Centrifugal fan vibration is a common phenomenon in operation. As long as it is within the scope of vibration control, it will not cause too much impact. But after the centrifugal fan's vibration exceeds the standard, it will cause the damage of the bearing seat or motor bearing, the loosening of the anchor bolt of the motor, the casing of the centrifugal fan, the damage of the blade and air duct, the burning of the motor and so on, which can reduce the performance of the centrifugal fan, and even lead to the failure of the work. Serious accidents may be caused by vibration, which may endanger people's health and working environment. The company has caused large economic losses to the company because of the large vibration of centrifugal fan, the friction between the impeller and the shell, and the accident caused by the ignition of the equipment.
所以查找離心風機振動超標的原因,并針對不同的現象分析原因采取恰當的處理辦法,往往能起到事半功倍的效果。公司長期用測振儀對離心風機振動進行測量,并記錄數據,結合生產實際中出現的故障現象對離心風機的振動原因作出了如下總結,并提出了相應的處理措施。
Therefore, to find out the reasons for the excessive vibration of the centrifugal fan, and to take appropriate measures to analyze the reasons for different phenomena, often can make the result twice the result with half the effort. The vibration of centrifugal fan is measured by the vibration meter for a long time, and the data are recorded. The vibration causes of the centrifugal fan are summarized as follows, and the corresponding treatment measures are put forward.
離心風機軸承箱振動
離心風機最常見的故障就是軸承箱振動,可以通過外部檢測進行初步診斷。軸承箱振動引起故障有跡可查,是一個振動由小變大,緩慢發生的過程。公司采用測振儀定期對離心風機的軸承箱進行振動值檢測,對比振動值,迅速做出正確分析和處理,提前對有可能發生故障的離心風機進行有計劃的檢修,保證了離心風機的安全平穩運行。
Vibration of bearing box of centrifugal fan
The most common fault of centrifugal fan is the vibration of bearing box, which can be preliminarily diagnosed by external detection. The vibration caused by bearing box vibration can be observed. It is a process of small vibration and slow occurrence. The vibration value of the bearing box of the centrifugal fan is tested regularly by the vibration meter, and the vibration value is compared, the correct analysis and processing are made quickly, and the centrifugal fan with the possibility of failure is planned in advance, and the safe and stable operation of the centrifugal fan is ensured.
1. 轉子質量不平衡引起的振動
公司發生的離心風機軸承箱振動中,大多數是由于轉子系統質量不平衡引起的。造成轉子質量不平衡的原因主要有:葉輪出現不均勻的磨損或腐蝕;葉輪表面存在不均勻的積灰或附著物;葉輪補焊后未做動平衡;葉輪上零件松動或連接件不緊固等。
轉子不平衡引起的振動的特征,用測振儀測得數據顯示:(1) 振動值徑向較大,而軸向較??;(2) 振動值隨轉速上升而增大。
Vibration caused by mass imbalances of 1. rotor
The vibration of the centrifugal fan bearing box is mostly caused by the unbalanced quality of the rotor system. The main reasons for the uneven rotor quality are: uneven wear or corrosion of the impeller; unevenly distributed ash or attachments on the surface of the impeller; unbalance of the impeller after welding; the loosening of the parts on the impeller or the unfastening of the connecting parts.
The vibration characteristic caused by the rotor unbalance, the data measured by the vibration meter show that (1) the vibration value is larger in radial direction and smaller in the axial direction; (2) the vibration value increases with the speed.
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